applications of radiation technology
Writer: Sterilization Time: 2019-09-02 Browse: 890 ℃
What are the main applications of radiation technology
Application of radiation modified materials
Radiation modified materials have high properties which are difficult to obtain by conventional methods. The products can be used in many fields of national economy, such as communication electronics, electric power transportation, petrochemical industry, aerospace, etc.
At present, In addition to the very mature and industrialized application of cable materials, relatively mature nuclear technology applications include: heat shrinkable materials, foaming materials, polytetrafluoroethylene ultrafine powder, hydrogel wound dressing, fiber irradiation grafting modification, medical polymers, etc., and also in the aspects of chitosan, wood plastic materials, battery separator, biomedical functional film and so on. A major breakthrough. It can be said that radiation modified materials have unlimited development potential in the future.
Rubber pre vulcanization field
Radiation pre vulcanization of rubber is another nuclear technology application derived from radiation modification. It has the characteristics of natural rubber saving, energy saving, no environmental pollution and high production efficiency. It has been a mature technology in Japan, the United States, Germany and other countries and has realized large-scale industrial application, but it is only in the beginning in China.
China is a big country of automobile tire production, with about 300 tire factories of different sizes. The use of irradiation vulcanization technology can bring changes to tire production, improve product quality, reduce the production and consumption of natural rubber, save raw materials, save energy consumption, reduce pollution, and improve the added value of products. With the increase of people's attention to environmental protection and the progress of radiation processing technology, radiation vulcanized rubber technology has great market potential in the field of rubber products production. The number and variety of radiation vulcanized rubber products will continue to increase, and will further promote the development of rubber industry.
Medical field
At present, irradiation processing is an important means of disinfection and sterilization of medical and health care products and drugs in China. Compared with other sterilization methods, irradiation sterilization has the advantages of complete sterilization, no chemical residue, environmental protection and safety. It has been widely used in the fields of disposable medical devices, medical latex gloves, sanitary materials, pharmaceutical packaging materials, western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine materials and Chinese patent medicines. In the future, irradiation sterilization technology will become the mainstream of medical and health products disinfection and sterilization.
Medical linear accelerator is currently the most widely used photon radiotherapy equipment, widely used in the field of tumor radiotherapy. Compared with the previous cobalt-60 treatment machine, the dose rate is high, the dose calculation is accurate, the treatment time is short, the pollution to the surrounding environment is small, and it is more safe in use. Domestic stock of equipment is mainly imported equipment, and all high-end products rely on import. One equipment costs more than 10 million yuan, up to 45 million yuan.
Radioisotopes and stable isotopes have been widely used in many fields. At present, China has been involved in isotope production and product development, and the development potential of isotope field is huge in the future.
Food safety
Food safety is an important issue related to the national economy and people's livelihood. Irradiation processing technology can be very convenient to kill harmful microorganisms in food, reduce pesticide and fertilizer residues, insecticidal, fresh-keeping, and serve food safety. The United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Korea, South Africa and many other countries have researched and applied irradiated food technology. At present, more than 57 countries and regions have approved more than 230 kinds of food products to be listed on the market.
Environmental protection
Electron beam irradiation technology has been in the stage of industrial demonstration and popularization in the treatment of complex gas, liquid and solid pollutants. It has the advantages of fast reaction speed, high degradation efficiency and no secondary pollution. It can be used to treat some special pollutants, especially those difficult to be treated by conventional methods (such as biological method, physicochemical method and incineration method).
In some segments
There are demonstration projects at home and abroad. With the continuous increase of environmental governance and the introduction of strict environmental protection policies, higher environmental protection requirements are put forward for industrial wastewater, waste gas and waste residue discharge standards. The clean, efficient and non secondary pollution electron beam technology will usher in a huge development opportunity.
Application of irradiation processing
Irradiation processing is the use of cobalt [60Co] gamma ray and material interaction, to achieve sterilization, inhibition of germination, polymer material modification and other purposes, without adding any chemical substances, heating and pressure. It has the advantages of non-toxic, harmless, no residue, no environmental pollution and other traditional methods. The radiation processing process can be controlled, and the sterilization and modification effects are excellent. Therefore, it has been widely used in many fields of national economic construction, such as food, medicine and health, chemical materials and so on.
Medical and health products
Sterilization and disinfection of medical and health products include: irradiation sterilization of infusion device, syringe and needle, blood transfusion device, bandage and dressing, medical gloves, operating clothes, surgical blade, catgut, catheter, sputum suction tube, artificial joint, heart valve, Chinese and Western medicine, nutrition and health care products, cosmetics, tissue, diapers, etc.
Sterilization of food
Sterilization of food includes irradiation sterilization, preservation, germination inhibition and alcoholization of cooked livestock and poultry meat, preserved fruits and fruits, cakes, spices, fresh fruits and vegetables, condiments, pickles and pet feeds.
Radiation chemical material modification: radiation crosslinking, cracking and grafting modification of chemical materials.
Other applications
Others include: radiation breeding, biological products, fur products, cultural relics specimens, ancient calligraphy and painting.
For example, if the ordinary cable is replaced by the irradiation cross-linked cable treated by electron accelerator, it can become a special cable with high temperature resistance, aging resistance and halogen-free flame retardant performance, and its service life and safety will be greatly improved; the newly produced beverage bottles can be sterilized by irradiation with electron accelerator, which can save a lot of water resources and is safe than the previous use of disinfection water for sterilization and cleaning No residue; some semiconductor chips can also be improved by irradiation; industrial wastewater can be sterilized and pollutants can be decomposed and degraded by irradiation; most agricultural products and meat can be sterilized and kept fresh by irradiation As a cross-sectional technology, the application of nuclear technology is related to nearly one-third of the 43 sub sectors in the manufacturing sector of the national economy. It has been widely used in industry, agriculture, biology, medical and health, food safety, environmental protection, resource exploration and public safety in the international market.
At present, In addition to the very mature and industrialized application of cable materials, relatively mature nuclear technology applications include: heat shrinkable materials, foaming materials, polytetrafluoroethylene ultrafine powder, hydrogel wound dressing, fiber irradiation grafting modification, medical polymers, etc., and also in the aspects of chitosan, wood plastic materials, battery separator, biomedical functional film and so on. A major breakthrough.
